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Oxytocin

For laboratory research. Sold in 10mg and 100mg kit sizes.

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Lab sheet

Oxytocin details

Identity, purity and handling data for this compound, in one place. Tap an identifier to copy it.

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Molecular Formula
C43H66N12O12S2
Molar Mass
1007.2 g/mol
CAS Number
50-56-6
Form
Lyophilized powder
Full data sheet+
Purity
See the available batch report for the tested sample's purity. Confirm the product and lot before ordering.

For research use only. Not for human consumption.

Overview

About Oxytocin

Oxytocin is a nonapeptide neurohormone synthesized in the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei of the hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary. Its amino acid sequence (Cys-Tyr-Ile-Gln-Asn-Cys-Pro-Leu-Gly-NH2, with a disulfide bridge between positions 1 and 6) has been conserved across mammals, and it was the first peptide hormone to be sequenced and synthesized, a milestone accomplished by Vincent du Vigneaud in 1953.

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In laboratory research, oxytocin is studied across a remarkably broad range of physiological systems. Originally characterized for its roles in uterine contraction and lactation, subsequent decades of research have revealed extensive oxytocin receptor (OXTR) expression in the brain, heart, immune cells, and peripheral organs. This widespread distribution has driven investigation into oxytocin's roles in social behavior neuroscience, stress axis regulation, pain modulation, cardiovascular physiology, and immune function.

The synthetic form of oxytocin is chemically identical to the endogenous nonapeptide and is widely used as a research tool compound and pharmacological reference standard. Its well-characterized receptor pharmacology, available OXTR knockout mouse lines, and established behavioral assay paradigms make it one of the most widely studied neuropeptides in biomedical research.

Research context

What Oxytocin is researched for

The areas where this compound appears in the published research literature.

0105 areas

Social behavior neuroscience

Oxytocin is extensively studied in the neuroscience of social recognition, affiliative behavior, and attachment in rodent models. Researchers use OXTR knockout animals, intranasal administration paradigms, and optogenetic tools targeting oxytocinergic circuits to dissect the peptide's contribution to prosocial behavior.

0205 areas

HPA axis and stress response

Laboratory studies have examined oxytocin's modulatory effects on HPA axis reactivity, investigating how the peptide influences cortisol/corticosterone release in stress paradigms and its interactions with CRH-secreting circuits in the hypothalamus and limbic system.

0305 areas

Cardiovascular research models

Research has documented oxytocin receptor expression in cardiomyocytes and vascular endothelium, with studies examining how oxytocin influences atrial natriuretic peptide release, vascular tone, and cardiac electrophysiology in isolated heart preparations and whole-animal models.

0405 areas

Pain pathway modulation

Investigators have studied oxytocin in spinal cord pain processing models, examining how oxytocinergic projections from the hypothalamus to the dorsal horn modulate nociceptive transmission and influence pain threshold measurements in controlled laboratory paradigms.

0505 areas

Immune cell regulation research

Oxytocin receptor expression has been characterized on T lymphocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. Laboratory studies have investigated how oxytocin influences cytokine production, immune cell trafficking, and inflammatory pathway activation in these cell populations.

Methodology

How Oxytocin is studied

  1. 01Method 1Behavioral neuroscience studies employ standardized paradigms such as the three-chamber social approach test, resident-intruder assay, and partner preference tests in rodents to quantify social behavior outcomes.+

    Behavioral neuroscience studies employ standardized paradigms such as the three-chamber social approach test, resident-intruder assay, and partner preference tests in rodents to quantify social behavior outcomes. Researchers pair these behavioral measures with in vivo microdialysis to sample oxytocin release in specific brain regions (nucleus accumbens, amygdala) during social interactions, correlating peptide dynamics with behavioral outputs.

  2. 02Method 2Electrophysiological approaches use whole-cell patch-clamp recordings in brain slice preparations from oxytocinergic nuclei or OXTR-expressing target regions.+

    Electrophysiological approaches use whole-cell patch-clamp recordings in brain slice preparations from oxytocinergic nuclei or OXTR-expressing target regions. Researchers characterize how exogenous oxytocin application modifies neuronal excitability, inhibitory/excitatory balance, and synaptic transmission in circuits relevant to stress and social behavior.

  3. 03Method 3Cardiovascular studies employ isolated perfused heart preparations (Langendorff model) and anesthetized rodent preparations with direct hemodynamic monitoring to examine oxytocin's acute cardiovascular effects.+

    Cardiovascular studies employ isolated perfused heart preparations (Langendorff model) and anesthetized rodent preparations with direct hemodynamic monitoring to examine oxytocin's acute cardiovascular effects. Molecular analysis of OXTR expression, downstream signaling (PLC-IP3-calcium, PKC, eNOS activation), and ANP release are combined with physiological endpoints to characterize the cardiac oxytocin system at the mechanistic level.

Storage protocols

Oxytocin storage and handling

Lyophilized
-20°C
Long-term storage, as supplied
Reconstituted
4°C
In solution
Use within
24–48h
Once reconstituted
Full handling protocol+

Lyophilized oxytocin should be stored at -20°C in a sealed container, protected from light and moisture. The disulfide bond is stable under dry, cold conditions, and the lyophilized peptide maintains integrity for extended periods under proper storage.

Reconstituted oxytocin solutions should be stored at 4°C and used within 24 to 48 hours. Since oxytocin contains a disulfide bridge, researchers should avoid reducing conditions (e.g., DTT or beta-mercaptoethanol) in reconstitution buffers, as these will cleave the bridge and inactivate the peptide. Neutral pH aqueous buffers are standard for research use.

Ordering & shipping

Buy Oxytocin online

Oxytocin for sale from Optimum ReGen Peptides, a US research-peptide company with a storefront in Medford, Oregon. It is in stock, priced from $50. Every order ships 2-Day Priority Air, a $13 flat rate anywhere in the US, with tracking, or can be picked up at the store.

Oxytocin is supplied as lyophilized powder, for laboratory and research use only, not for human consumption.

FAQ

Oxytocin FAQ

What is the historical significance of oxytocin in peptide chemistry?
Oxytocin holds the distinction of being the first peptide hormone to be fully sequenced and chemically synthesized, achieved by Vincent du Vigneaud in 1953, work for which he received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1955. It remains a foundational reference compound in peptide synthesis and neuropeptide research.
How do researchers distinguish oxytocin from vasopressin in experimental systems?
Oxytocin and arginine vasopressin (AVP) differ by only two amino acids, resulting in some receptor cross-reactivity. Researchers use selective receptor antagonists (atosiban, OTA for OXTR; V1aR and V2R antagonists for vasopressin receptors) and OXTR knockout animal lines to attribute experimental findings to the appropriate receptor system.
What brain regions express oxytocin receptors in research models?
OXTR mRNA and protein have been characterized in the amygdala, nucleus accumbens, prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus, brainstem, and spinal cord, among other regions. Species-specific receptor distribution patterns are an active area of comparative neuroscience research.
Is intranasal oxytocin used in human research studies?
Yes. Intranasal oxytocin administration has been employed in numerous human behavioral and neuroimaging research studies investigating social cognition, stress response, and fear conditioning, among other domains. These are experimental research studies and do not constitute approved therapeutic protocols.
What role does oxytocin receptor signaling play in cardiac research?
OXTR is expressed in cardiomyocytes and couples to Gq-protein signaling, activating PLC-IP3-calcium pathways and stimulating ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide) release. Research has characterized these pathways in isolated heart models and cell culture, investigating oxytocin as a modulator of cardiac autocrine/paracrine signaling distinct from its classical neurohypophyseal role.
Research library

Oxytocin research guides

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